Abstract: This white paper explores the limitations and challenges of high turndown boilers in hydronic systems. The goal is to identify potential challenges and provide insights for optimizing energy efficiency. While high turndown ratios are praised for their flexibility and potential cost savings, this paper delves into the drawbacks associated with their implementation. These drawbacks can include combustion instability, increased maintenance requirements, and limitations to system performance. By understanding and addressing these potential issues, stakeholders can make informed decisions to maximize the benefits of the boiler system by selecting the appropriate products for their applications.